1
00:00:05,809 --> 00:00:03,169
this time of the year many of us are

2
00:00:07,970 --> 00:00:05,819
dreaming of a winter wonderland here on

3
00:00:09,470 --> 00:00:07,980
Earth but did you know that Mars our

4
00:00:13,129 --> 00:00:09,480
closest neighbor in the solar system

5
00:00:14,150 --> 00:00:13,139
also experiences snow ice and a real

6
00:00:16,010 --> 00:00:14,160
winter

7
00:00:16,950 --> 00:00:16,020
let's go check it out with our NASA

8
00:00:23,929 --> 00:00:16,960
spacecraft

9
00:00:27,050 --> 00:00:23,939
[Music]

10
00:00:30,170 --> 00:00:27,060
whole new meaning on Mars I'm Marina

11
00:00:34,910 --> 00:00:30,180
jurika here with Silvan Pico and we are

12
00:00:37,729 --> 00:00:34,920
talking about snow ice and frost on the

13
00:00:39,770 --> 00:00:37,739
red planet welcome Silva now I know it's

14
00:00:42,590 --> 00:00:39,780
really cold on Mars but there's also

15
00:00:45,110 --> 00:00:42,600
snow and ice moss is a very dry place

16
00:00:47,869 --> 00:00:45,120
but if you go to the right locations you

17
00:00:50,990 --> 00:00:47,879
will find water ice just like the one we

18
00:00:53,690 --> 00:00:51,000
have on Earth but also CO2 ice or dry

19
00:00:55,490 --> 00:00:53,700
ice now I know we can see Frost at the

20
00:00:58,729 --> 00:00:55,500
poles but can you see Frost anywhere

21
00:01:01,970 --> 00:00:58,739
else on Mars in the 1970s the Viking

22
00:01:04,310 --> 00:01:01,980
lenders observed water Frost forming on

23
00:01:06,770 --> 00:01:04,320
the ground far away from the poles so we

24
00:01:09,770 --> 00:01:06,780
know that the frost similar to what we

25
00:01:12,710 --> 00:01:09,780
have on Earth forms in those Landscapes

26
00:01:16,370 --> 00:01:12,720
on Mars that is cool we also know from

27
00:01:19,370 --> 00:01:16,380
Mars Odyssey that we have two kinds of

28
00:01:21,950 --> 00:01:19,380
frost we can observe water Frost in many

29
00:01:25,490 --> 00:01:21,960
other locations than what Viking observe

30
00:01:28,490 --> 00:01:25,500
but also CO2 Frost something that we

31
00:01:31,370 --> 00:01:28,500
don't have on Earth it is extremely cold

32
00:01:32,830 --> 00:01:31,380
where you'll find CO2 ice something like

33
00:01:36,890 --> 00:01:32,840
minus

34
00:01:40,010 --> 00:01:36,900
190 degrees Fahrenheit the CO2 ice does

35
00:01:43,370 --> 00:01:40,020
not melt instead it goes back from solid

36
00:01:46,190 --> 00:01:43,380
to gas directly in the atmosphere that

37
00:01:49,190 --> 00:01:46,200
leads to the formation of really unique

38
00:01:53,050 --> 00:01:49,200
surface features for example we see

39
00:01:57,190 --> 00:01:53,060
spider shaped features fans geysers

40
00:01:59,749 --> 00:01:57,200
dalmatian spots fried eggs all kinds of

41
00:02:01,670 --> 00:01:59,759
unique objects that are really

42
00:02:03,950 --> 00:02:01,680
challenging to understand but that are

43
00:02:05,929 --> 00:02:03,960
beautiful and unique to Mars what else

44
00:02:07,910 --> 00:02:05,939
have our various Mars missions taught us

45
00:02:11,150 --> 00:02:07,920
about the snow on the red planet

46
00:02:13,190 --> 00:02:11,160
few things first the Phoenix lender a

47
00:02:17,089 --> 00:02:13,200
NASA mission that arrived at Mars in

48
00:02:19,729 --> 00:02:17,099
2008 observed beautiful frost Landscapes

49
00:02:22,250 --> 00:02:19,739
that formed around it the Phoenix lender

50
00:02:24,770 --> 00:02:22,260
had a lighter this is an instrument that

51
00:02:27,050 --> 00:02:24,780
shoots the laser up and if there's a

52
00:02:29,330 --> 00:02:27,060
cloud or something that's falling down

53
00:02:32,270 --> 00:02:29,340
from the sky like snow you get a return

54
00:02:35,089 --> 00:02:32,280
basically you light up the sky and you

55
00:02:35,809 --> 00:02:35,099
can see when snow forms and falls and it

56
00:02:38,150 --> 00:02:35,819
did

57
00:02:40,610 --> 00:02:38,160
the Phoenix lender was also able to

58
00:02:43,490 --> 00:02:40,620
scratch the surface and for the first

59
00:02:45,290 --> 00:02:43,500
time see these water ice just below the

60
00:02:48,589 --> 00:02:45,300
ground this is the kind of water ice

61
00:02:51,050 --> 00:02:48,599
that astronauts could potentially use in

62
00:02:53,449 --> 00:02:51,060
the future when we go there

63
00:02:55,130 --> 00:02:53,459
thank you so much Silvan for teaching us

64
00:02:57,229 --> 00:02:55,140
about the winter wonderland that's on

65
00:03:00,710 --> 00:02:57,239
Mars my pleasure to get the latest

66
00:03:03,170 --> 00:03:00,720
updates follow at NASA JPL and at NASA

67
00:03:04,729 --> 00:03:03,180
Mars on social media or take a deeper

68
00:03:06,790 --> 00:03:04,739
dive on the mission website at